# Regulation News Canonical URL: https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation?page=88 Page 88 of 123. Articles are ordered by original publication time, newest first. Summaries below are excerpts; follow each full-text link for the complete article. ## [Japan's FSA to Reclassify Cryptocurrencies as Financial Products](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14644) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-31T15:31:03.000Z Updated: 2025-03-31T15:31:03.000Z Japan's Financial Services Agency (FSA) plans to reclassify cryptocurrencies as financial products under new regulations aimed at curbing insider trading within the digital asset market, according to a Nikkei report o… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14644.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14644.json) ## [Trump Pardons Former BitMEX Executives Including Arthur Hayes](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14620) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-29T03:46:15.000Z Updated: 2025-03-29T03:46:15.000Z Former BitMEX CEO Arthur Hayes has received a full pardon from U.S. President Donald Trump, alongside BitMEX co-founders Samuel Reed and Benjamin Delo, according to a White House official. The pardons, first reported … [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14620.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14620.json) ## [FDIC Ends Pre-Approval Requirement for Banks Engaging in Crypto](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14619) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-29T03:46:13.000Z Updated: 2025-03-29T03:46:13.000Z The Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. (FDIC) has eliminated its 2022 requirement that banks obtain pre-approval before engaging in cryptocurrency-related activities. This shift marks a significant change in how U.S. ban… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14619.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14619.json) ## [FBI Seizes Over $200K in Crypto Linked to Hamas Terror Financing](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14600) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-28T09:57:04.000Z Updated: 2025-03-28T09:57:04.000Z The U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) has seized more than $200,000 in cryptocurrency tied to the Palestinian militant group Hamas, a U.S. and EU-designated terrorist organization. According to a statement re… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14600.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14600.json) ## [Trump’s SEC Pick Signals Pro-Crypto Shift, Faces Senate Scrutiny](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14599) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-28T09:57:02.000Z Updated: 2025-03-28T09:57:02.000Z Paul Atkins, former SEC commissioner and President Trump’s nominee to lead the agency, hinted at a more crypto-friendly regulatory approach during his Senate confirmation hearing. Though not pressed on big-picture dig… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14599.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14599.json) ## [Unicoin CEO Challenges SEC Amid Crypto Crackdown, Eyes U.S. Comeback](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14592) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-27T11:10:00.000Z Updated: 2025-03-27T11:10:00.000Z Unicoin CEO Alex Konanykhin is pushing back against an ongoing investigation by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), requesting the agency drop the case accusing the crypto firm of fraud and unregistered… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14592.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14592.json) ## [U.S. Lawmakers Push Stablecoin Bill Toward August Approval Amid Crypto Policy Momentum](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14591) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-27T11:09:58.000Z Updated: 2025-03-27T11:09:58.000Z The U.S. Congress is prioritizing stablecoin regulation, with the House of Representatives unveiling its version of a stablecoin oversight bill on Wednesday. Introduced by Reps. Bryan Steil and French Hill, the bill o… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14591.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14591.json) ## [U.S. Senator Warns Crypto Industry Against Weak Stablecoin Rules](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14589) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-27T11:09:54.000Z Updated: 2025-03-27T11:09:54.000Z U.S. Senator Kirsten Gillibrand (D-N.Y.) cautioned the crypto industry against pushing for a diluted version of the bipartisan stablecoin legislation currently advancing in the Senate. Speaking at the D.C. Blockchain … [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14589.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14589.json) ## [Wyoming Eyes July Launch for First State-Issued Fiat-Backed Stablecoin](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14588) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-27T11:09:52.000Z Updated: 2025-03-27T11:09:52.000Z Wyoming is poised to make history as the first U.S. state to launch a publicly issued, fiat-backed stablecoin. Officials revealed at the DC Blockchain Summit that the Wyoming Stable Token (WYST) could fully launch by … [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14588.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14588.json) ## [SEC’s “Spring Sprint” Brings Four New Crypto Roundtables on DeFi, Tokenization, and Regulation](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14574) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-26T04:22:04.000Z Updated: 2025-03-26T04:22:04.000Z The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is ramping up its engagement with the crypto industry through a series of expert roundtables, signaling a shift away from enforcement-first tactics. Led by Commissione… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14574.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14574.json) ## [Ripple Scores Major Win as SEC Agrees to Return $75M from XRP Fine](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14571) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-26T04:21:58.000Z Updated: 2025-03-26T04:21:58.000Z Ripple Labs appears to be nearing the end of its years-long legal battle with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), emerging with a significant victory. Ripple’s Chief Legal Officer, Stuart Alderoty, anno… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14571.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14571.json) ## [SEC Drops Investigation Into Immutable Amid Regulatory Shift in Crypto Landscape](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14570) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-26T04:21:53.000Z Updated: 2025-03-26T04:21:53.000Z The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has dropped its investigation into Web3 gaming platform Immutable, the company announced Tuesday. This decision follows a Wells notice sent to Immutable in November, s… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14570.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14570.json) ## [Fidelity Eyes Solana ETF Amid Growing Crypto Investment Demand](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14567) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-26T04:21:49.000Z Updated: 2025-03-26T04:21:49.000Z Fidelity Investments has taken a major step toward launching a Solana (SOL) exchange-traded fund (ETF), according to a new filing with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Cboe Exchange submitted a 19b-4… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14567.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14567.json) ## [Robinhood Faces Massachusetts Probe Over New In-App Prediction Markets](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14548) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-25T02:42:55.000Z Updated: 2025-03-25T02:42:55.000Z Massachusetts’ top securities regulator has launched an investigation into Robinhood following the trading app's recent introduction of a prediction markets hub. The feature allows users to bet on real-world outcomes,… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14548.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14548.json) ## [South Korea Targets Unregistered Crypto Exchanges with Possible Sanctions](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14518) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-22T01:27:53.000Z Updated: 2025-03-22T01:27:53.000Z South Korea’s financial watchdog is cracking down on illegal crypto activity, with several major exchanges in the crosshairs. According to Hankyung, the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) has identified BitMEX, KuCoin,… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14518.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14518.json) ## [SEC Signals New Era of Cooperation with Crypto Industry](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14516) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-22T01:27:35.000Z Updated: 2025-03-22T01:27:35.000Z The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is signaling a more collaborative approach toward crypto regulation. Commissioner Hester Peirce, head of the SEC’s crypto task force, expressed optimism at the agency’… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14516.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14516.json) ## [Australia Unveils Bold Digital Asset Strategy Inspired by EU and Singapore](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14513) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-21T10:18:58.000Z Updated: 2025-03-21T10:18:58.000Z Australia is taking a major step toward integrating digital assets into its financial ecosystem, unveiling a comprehensive government-wide strategy inspired by frameworks in the EU and Singapore. In a new white paper,… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14513.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14513.json) ## [SEC Clarifies Bitcoin Mining Does Not Violate Securities Laws](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14499) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-21T04:02:08.000Z Updated: 2025-03-21T04:02:08.000Z The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s (SEC) Division of Corporation Finance has issued a major clarification on proof-of-work (PoW) cryptocurrency mining, stating that neither solo nor pool mining falls under … [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14499.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14499.json) ## [Crypto Market Manipulator Strikes Plea Deal, Faces Up to 24 Months in Prison](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14495) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-21T04:01:47.000Z Updated: 2025-03-21T04:01:47.000Z Aleksei Andriunin, founder of Gotbit, has agreed to a plea deal with U.S. prosecutors, limiting his prison time to 24 months for his role in a major crypto market manipulation scheme. The 26-year-old Russian national,… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14495.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14495.json) ## [ECB Economist Warns of Dollar Stablecoin Threat, Backs Digital Euro](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14494) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-21T04:01:07.000Z Updated: 2025-03-21T04:01:07.000Z The European Central Bank (ECB) needs a digital euro to counter the growing influence of dollar-pegged stablecoins and U.S. payment platforms in Europe’s financial system, according to ECB Chief Economist Philip Lane. [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14494.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14494.json) ## [XRP Futures Go Live as Bitnomial Drops SEC Lawsuit](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14481) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-20T00:24:00.000Z Updated: 2025-03-20T00:24:00.000Z Bitnomial has officially launched the first-ever CFTC-regulated XRP futures, marking a major milestone for the digital asset industry. Alongside this launch, the company has also withdrawn its lawsuit against the U.S.… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14481.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14481.json) ## [Crypto Firms Seek Bank Charters Amid Favorable Regulatory Climate](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14462) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-19T07:47:22.000Z Updated: 2025-03-19T07:47:22.000Z Fintech and cryptocurrency companies are increasingly applying for state and national bank charters, aiming to expand under the more crypto-friendly Trump administration. Legal experts report a surge in applications a… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14462.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14462.json) ## [North Dakota Moves to Regulate Crypto ATMs Amid Rising Fraud Concerns](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14469) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-19T07:47:08.000Z Updated: 2025-03-19T07:47:08.000Z North Dakota is on the verge of introducing a licensing framework for crypto ATMs after its Senate passed House Bill 1447, a measure aimed at curbing fraud and ensuring consumer protection. The bill, first introduced … [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14469.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14469.json) ## [John Deaton Debunks Fake SEC Crypto Classification Claim](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14448) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-18T01:52:48.000Z Updated: 2025-03-18T01:52:48.000Z Prominent crypto lawyer John Deaton has refuted a false claim circulating in the crypto space regarding the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The misleading report suggested that the SEC had released a cl… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14448.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14448.json) ## [Bank of Korea Dismisses Bitcoin as Reserve Asset Amid U.S. Crypto Initiative](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14442) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-17T10:09:02.000Z Updated: 2025-03-17T10:09:02.000Z The Bank of Korea (BOK) has confirmed that it has never considered adding Bitcoin to its national reserves, citing concerns over its high volatility. According to a report by Korea Economic TV, the central bank does n… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14442.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14442.json) ## [FTX Bankruptcy Court Approves 3AC’s $1.53B Claim, Reshaping Creditor Payouts](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14422) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-16T04:18:59.000Z Updated: 2025-03-16T04:18:59.000Z A Delaware bankruptcy court has approved Three Arrows Capital's (3AC) petition to expand its claim against FTX from $120 million to $1.53 billion. The decision could significantly impact creditor payouts in the ongoin… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14422.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14422.json) ## [Crypto Entrepreneur Convicted in AML Bitcoin Fraud Case](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14409) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-14T01:48:46.000Z Updated: 2025-03-14T01:48:46.000Z A federal jury in California has convicted Rowland Marcus Andrade, the founder of AML Bitcoin, on charges of wire fraud and money laundering linked to a 2017–2018 initial coin offering (ICO). Prosecutors say Andrade m… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14409.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14409.json) ## [U.S. Senate Advances Stablecoin Bill as Crypto Regulation Gains Momentum](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14408) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-14T01:48:09.000Z Updated: 2025-03-14T01:48:09.000Z The U.S. Senate Banking Committee has taken a significant step toward regulating stablecoins, advancing a bill that could set federal standards for issuers. The legislation, known as the Guiding and Establishing Natio… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14408.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14408.json) ## [CZ Denies WSJ Report on Trump Family Ties and Pardon Request](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14407) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-14T01:48:07.000Z Updated: 2025-03-14T01:48:39.000Z Binance founder Changpeng Zhao (CZ) has denied a Wall Street Journal (WSJ) report alleging that representatives of Donald Trump’s family held talks to acquire a financial stake in Binance.US. The report also claimed C… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14407.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14407.json) ## [Ripple Secures UAE Crypto License, Expanding Global Reach](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14400) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-13T13:51:25.000Z Updated: 2025-03-13T13:51:25.000Z Ripple has received approval from the Dubai Financial Services Authority (DFSA) to offer regulated crypto payments and services in the UAE. This milestone makes Ripple the first blockchain-powered payments provider li… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14400.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14400.json) ## [Argentina’s LIBRA Crypto Scandal Escalates: Lawyer Seeks U.S. Entrepreneur’s Arrest](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14399) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-13T06:16:59.000Z Updated: 2025-03-13T06:16:59.000Z The LIBRA cryptocurrency scandal in Argentina deepened this week as lawyer Gregorio Dalbon formally requested the international arrest of Hayden Davis, the alleged key figure behind the token’s collapse. Dalbon submit… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14399.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14399.json) ## [SEC Nears Conclusion in Ripple Case as XRP Surges](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14391) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-13T01:37:52.000Z Updated: 2025-03-13T01:37:52.000Z The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is reportedly finalizing its case against Ripple, according to "Crypto In America" host Eleanor Terrett. This news has driven XRP’s price up by 3.5%, based on CoinGeck… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14391.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14391.json) ## [U.S. House Votes to Overturn IRS Crypto Reporting Rule, Citing Innovation Risks](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14377) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-12T04:03:31.000Z Updated: 2025-03-12T04:03:31.000Z The U.S. House of Representatives voted 292-132 to overturn an IRS rule classifying crypto entities, including decentralized finance (DeFi) platforms, as brokers, requiring them to collect taxpayer and transaction dat… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14377.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14377.json) ## [Senator Lummis Reintroduces Bitcoin Act as BTC Market Sees Major Moves](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14373) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-12T04:03:25.000Z Updated: 2025-03-12T04:03:25.000Z Pro-crypto U.S. Senator Cynthia Lummis has reignited excitement in the Bitcoin community by reintroducing the Bitcoin Act, a bill proposing the U.S. government establish a strategic Bitcoin reserve. Originally propose… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14373.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14373.json) ## [Coinbase Nears Full Comeback in India with FIU Registration](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14369) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-11T14:30:39.000Z Updated: 2025-03-11T14:30:39.000Z Coinbase (COIN) is on the verge of fully re-entering the Indian market after securing registration with the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU), marking a significant step toward resuming its crypto trading services. Th… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14369.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14369.json) ## [U.S. Senators Push New Stablecoin Bill with State and Federal Oversight](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14365) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-11T14:30:29.000Z Updated: 2025-03-11T14:30:29.000Z The latest draft of the Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins (GENIUS) Act introduces a major shift in stablecoin regulation, aiming to balance oversight between state and federal authoriti… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14365.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14365.json) ## [El Salvador and Paraguay Strengthen Crypto Oversight with New Regulatory Agreement](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14358) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-11T05:17:35.000Z Updated: 2025-03-11T05:17:35.000Z El Salvador and Paraguay have entered into a key regulatory agreement to enhance oversight in the crypto sector. Paraguay’s Secretaría de Prevención de Lavado de Dinero o Bienes (SEPRELAD) and El Salvador’s Comisión N… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14358.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14358.json) ## [Utah Senate Passes Bitcoin Bill, Strengthening Crypto Rights](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14352) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-11T03:34:31.000Z Updated: 2025-03-11T03:34:31.000Z The Utah Senate has passed a Bitcoin bill, advancing the state's stance on cryptocurrency rights while omitting provisions for a state-run Bitcoin reserve. Initially expected to authorize the state treasurer to invest… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14352.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14352.json) ## [Thailand Approves USDT and USDC for Crypto Trading, Aligning with Global Trends](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14354) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-11T03:34:25.000Z Updated: 2025-03-11T03:34:25.000Z Thailand’s Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has expanded its list of approved cryptocurrencies, adding the two largest stablecoins, Tether (USDT) and Circle (USDC), as trading pairs on regulated digital asset … [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14354.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14354.json) ## [SEC's Memecoin Guidance Signals a Major Shift in Crypto Regulation](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14357) By Riza Dagoc | Regulation Published: 2025-03-11T03:34:17.000Z Updated: 2025-03-11T03:34:17.000Z The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has taken a surprising turn in its approach to crypto regulation. On Feb. 27, the SEC’s Division of Corporate Finance issued guidance stating that memecoins—digital as… [Full text](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14357.md) | [Citation metadata](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation/14357.json) [Newer stories](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation.md?page=87) [Older stories](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/regulation.md?page=89)