# Ethereum's leanVM Tool Reaches Formal Verification Milestone By Simon Yoon Canonical URL: https://www.tokenpost.com/news/technology/48822 Published: 2026-11-04T22:02:17.000Z Updated: 2026-11-04T22:02:17.000Z Section: Technology > The hash-based zero-knowledge virtual machine is designed to aggregate leanXMSS signatures for Ethereum validators. leanVM, a minimal, hash-based zero-knowledge virtual machine designed to aggregate post-quantum signatures for Ethereum validators, has been formally verified. The verification marks a milestone in the tool's development. The project is designed to aggregate leanXMSS signatures, a hash-based alternative being developed for validator signing. leanVM is intended to combine those signatures. Earlier coverage of [leanVM's post-quantum signature design]() described end-to-end formal verification as in progress. Estimates for Q-Day have accelerated. Quantum computing poses a potential risk to cryptographic security. ## Links in this article - [leanVM's post-quantum signature design](https://www.tokenpost.com/news/technology/48299)