OpenAI Builds Pando Git Backend for Concurrent Monorepo Development

OpenAI built Pando, a Git-compatible backend designed to support concurrent development in its monorepo without changing engineers’ Git workflows.

Writes to unrelated refs can proceed independently. An atomic compare-and-swap-like operation guards updates to each ref pointer, and the backend is designed for high-throughput reads.

Pando also consolidates small packfiles into larger cover structures in background jobs. The process follows a log-structured merge-tree model, and the system has used covers through L4.